{"id":107449,"date":"2020-06-15T14:19:59","date_gmt":"2020-06-15T14:19:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interiordesign.net\/designwire\/practitioners-from-aecom-bdp-and-hks-share-lessons-from-emergency-hospitals\/"},"modified":"2023-07-03T11:34:08","modified_gmt":"2023-07-03T15:34:08","slug":"practitioners-from-aecom-bdp-and-hks-share-lessons-from-emergency-hospitals","status":"publish","type":"id_news","link":"https:\/\/interiordesign.net\/designwire\/practitioners-from-aecom-bdp-and-hks-share-lessons-from-emergency-hospitals\/","title":{"rendered":"Designers Share Lessons from Emergency Hospitals"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This pandemic, like any disruptive global crisis, invites many questions about the future. It is a time to embrace uncertainty and focus on the immediate. Everything is in flux, changing radically from moment to moment\u2014yet, being sequestered for endless weeks, it can feel like time is at a standstill. No project typology better reflects the times than the emergency field hospitals that have sprung up\u2014some in 14 days or less\u2014to help health systems navigate the surge of COVID-19 patients. Although the facilities are group efforts, design-industry members have been instrumental in their realization. The following convention-center conversions showcase design problem-solving under unfathomable pressure. They\u2019re also emblematic of where design is (and has been) headed: increasingly collaborative, complex, community-minded, flexible, and fast-tracked\u2014but also utterly, inspiringly human.<\/p>\n<h2>How a Global Health Crisis is Shaping Design Decisions<\/h2>\n<h3><strong>1. Harness existing infrastructure<\/strong><\/h3>\n<figure class=\"image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/sdg-migration-id.s3.amazonaws.com\/Interior-Design-idx200501_Covid_Hospitals01-05.20.jpg\" alt=\"Curtains offer privacy in a temporary hospital by HKS\" width=\"770\" height=\"578\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 770px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 770\/578;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/sdg-migration-id.s3.amazonaws.com\/Interior-Design-idx200501_Covid_Hospitals01-05.20.jpg\" alt=\"Curtains offer privacy in a temporary hospital by HKS\" width=\"770\" height=\"578\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption>HKS helped convert the Suburban Collection Showplace in Novi, Michigan, into an emergency field hospital.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>So, what makes convention centers\u2014versus tents and other alternatives\u2014ideal for the role of emergency field hospital? \u201cAn advantage is the tremendous infrastructure these facilities already have in place,\u201d says Bane Gaiser, senior vice president and managing principal at <a href=\"https:\/\/aecom.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AECOM<\/a>, which oversaw Chicago\u2019s McCormick Place conversion. This can mean a speedier and less-costly buildout. And, because convention centers are typically owned by the local jurisdiction, adds Jason Schroer, principal and director of health at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hksinc.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HKS<\/a>, which helped convert the Suburban Collection Showplace in Novi, Michigan, \u201cIt\u2019s relatively easy to negotiate their use\u201d\u2014no small consideration when time is of the essence. The spatial openness also allows for layout flexibility and, in the case of this virus, enabled a safer, more socially distanced work environment. \u201cThere were zero incidences of COVID, or injury, even, at McCormick,\u201d Gaiser notes, \u201cdespite the construction team putting in 100,000 man hours in such a short time frame.\u201d<\/p>\n<h3><strong>2. Understand some limitations are not immediately apparent<\/strong><\/h3>\n<figure class=\"image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/sdg-migration-id.s3.amazonaws.com\/Interior-Design-idx200501_Covid_Hospitals07-05.20.jpg\" alt=\"Tents for patients in a temporary hospital design in Chicago\" width=\"770\" height=\"433\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 770px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 770\/433;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/sdg-migration-id.s3.amazonaws.com\/Interior-Design-idx200501_Covid_Hospitals07-05.20.jpg\" alt=\"Tents for patients in a temporary hospital design in Chicago\" width=\"770\" height=\"433\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption>AECOM took charge in converting McCormick Place Convention Center in Chicago into an emergency care facility.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Convention centers do have drawbacks. \u201cThe size and openness limit the type of patients you can serve in such a space,\u201d Gaiser says; for instance, noise and spatial volume can compromise the health of dementia sufferers. McCormick was initially intended to serve patients from nursing homes and long-term care facilities, he continues, \u201cBut we ultimately determined it wasn\u2019t responsible to treat them there.\u201d And since convention centers exist to drive revenue, an urgent need as cities reopen and strive for economic recovery, there are time limits to their emergency use. That\u2019s why in Memphis an abandoned newspaper plant was chosen over the city\u2019s convention centers, explains Greg Mare, AECOM vice president and healthcare practice leader. \u201cThis way, the facility can stay open for 18 to 24 months\u201d\u2014long enough to accommodate subsequent surges.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>3. You complete the program<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Stakeholders in these conversions include local and state government, the National Guard, medical teams (who set the on-the-ground model), the Office of Emergency Management, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, which establishes the template that the design team helps refine. At the Suburban Collection Showplace, for example, \u201cThe USACE provided facility assessment concept sketches\u2014an idea pictogram,\u201d recalls Jim Whitaker, HKS principal and director of government and alternative project delivery. \u201cFrom those, a plausibly workable scheme was definitized after an intense first 24\u00a0hours.\u201d AECOM describes a similar experience in Chicago. \u201cThe corps had been working for a\u00a0week by the time we arrived, and had a preliminary layout identifying patient rooms and nurse stations, which we took a hard look at to make adjustments,\u201d Gaiser adds. \u201cThey did a great job of\u00a0determining what could and couldn\u2019t fit, but we had to bolt the full program\u2014elements like airlocks, lounges, and supply chains\u2014onto their model.\u201d<\/p>\n<h3><strong>4. Redesign in real time<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Gaiser likens the convention center conversion process to \u201cbuilding an airplane as you\u2019re flying it,\u201d with key programmatic aspects changing in real time. Midway through the Suburban Collection Showplace buildout, for example, the bed count was reduced from 1,100 to 250 to reflect a change in anticipated surge capacity. \u201cThe program, or the performance work statement, in USACE vernacular, changed every day, several times a day,\u201d Whitaker says, noting that date and time stamps were applied to all working documents \u201clike a ticket to a show,\u201d since plans were often rendered obsolete by day\u2019s end. \u201cThe design process felt like a dynamic performance art of reacting to the actual situation on the ground.\u201d<\/p>\n<h3><strong>5. Plumb the emergency\u2019s uniqueness<\/strong><\/h3>\n<figure class=\"image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/sdg-migration-id.s3.amazonaws.com\/Interior-Design-idx200501_Covid_Hospitals04-05.20.jpg\" alt=\"The McCormick Place Convention Center in Chicago transformed into an emergency care facility.\" width=\"769\" height=\"577\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 769px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 769\/577;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/sdg-migration-id.s3.amazonaws.com\/Interior-Design-idx200501_Covid_Hospitals04-05.20.jpg\" alt=\"The McCormick Place Convention Center in Chicago transformed into an emergency care facility.\" width=\"769\" height=\"577\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption>AECOM took charge in converting McCormick Place Convention Center in Chicago into an emergency care facility.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Two different layouts were tested at McCormick Place: one that followed a typical disaster recovery model, with nurse stations positioned at the end of each aisle, the other U-shape, with the rooms facing in around a central nurse station. The latter proved much more beneficial, enabling the clinicians to have better control and observation\u2014a lifesaving feature for a disease that manifests with sudden changes. Also important in an infectious disease scenario was the flow of foot traffic to minimize virus spread. \u201cWe had to\u00a0create an airlock approach for donning PPE and a separate exit for their disposal,\u201d Mare explains, \u201cas well as consider passage to showers and toilets and the flow of supplies and food.\u201d<\/p>\n<h3><strong>6. Factor in flexibility <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Because few analogues exist for this type of facility\u2014\u201cDisaster tents servicing Haiti earthquake victims were the closest precedent,\u201d Mare says\u2014teams were forced to invent on the fly and build in a degree of flexibility. In fact, these fac\u00adilities continue to change as doctors and public health experts discover more about the disease, as local needs evolve, and according to the severity of patients and types of populaces being treated. \u201cThere will be tweaks and changes to the surge hospital designs as more is understood about the treatment,\u201d contributes <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bdp.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BDP<\/a> principal Ged Couser, who has consulted on the NHS Nightingale field hospitals throughout the U.K.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>7. Be swift <\/strong><strong>but thoughtful<\/strong><\/h3>\n<figure class=\"image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/sdg-migration-id.s3.amazonaws.com\/Interior-Design-idx200501_Covid_Hospitals05-05.20.jpg\" alt=\"White curtains offer privacy rooms for patients in an emergency field hospital.\" width=\"770\" height=\"577\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 770px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 770\/577;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/sdg-migration-id.s3.amazonaws.com\/Interior-Design-idx200501_Covid_Hospitals05-05.20.jpg\" alt=\"White curtains offer privacy rooms for patients in an emergency field hospital.\" width=\"770\" height=\"577\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption>HKS helped convert the Suburban Collection Showplace in Novi, Michigan, into an emergency field hospital.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>While such facilities are constructed to meet a relatively short-term objective of increasing bed numbers, Couser continues, \u201cWe designed everything in as much detail as possible, down to the signage and graphics. We considered it to be vital that while these hospitals are temporary, they\u2019re designed to look reassuringly permanent and thought-out.\u201d Designers were surprised at how quickly they were able to pull off the seemingly impossible; the first hall of McCormick Place was slated for a 14-day buildout but was completed in just 10. In retrospect, Mare says, some of that extra time could have been used up front for even more planning and programming, or even to make the project viable for a longer term. But no matter how tight the deadline, designers and architects are able to realize the most human-centered solution.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Practitioners from AECOM, BDP, and HKS share lessons learned from designing during the Covid-19 pandemic that can be applied to projects of any stripe.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3548,"featured_media":86541,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"featured_image_focal_point":[],"legacy_django_id":18071},"tags":[],"id_tax_domain":[],"id_tax_product":[],"id_tax_program":[],"id_issue":[],"id_cat_news":[],"internal_flag":[4220],"class_list":["post-107449","id_news","type-id_news","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Designers Share Lessons from Emergency Hospitals<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Practitioners from AECOM, BDP, and 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